The Boeing 737 is a short to medium range, single aisle, narrow body jet airliner. Originally developed as a shorter, lower-cost twin-engine airliner derived from Boeing's 707 and 727, the 737 has nine variants with the -600, -700, -800 and -900 currently in production.
Originally envisioned in 1964, the 737 first flew in 1967, and entered airline service in February 1968. The 737 is Boeing's only single-aisle, narrow-body airliner currently in production, sometimes serving markets previously filled by 707, 727, 757, DC-9 and MD-80/90 airliners.
The 737 has been continuously manufactured by Boeing since 1967 with 6,285 aircraft delivered and 2,063 orders yet to be fulfilled as of January 2010. The 737 series is the most-ordered and most-produced jet airliner in history as of April 2009, although the Airbus A320 is the currently most-ordered jet airliner family. There are on average 1,250 737s airborne at any given time, with one departing or landing somewhere every five seconds on average.
Prompted by the modern Airbus A320, Boeing initiated development of an updated series of aircraft in 1991. After working with potential customers, the 737 Next Generation (NG) program was announced on November 17, 1993. The 737NG encompasses the -600, -700, -800 and -900, and is to date the most significant upgrade of the airframe. The performance of the 737NG is essentially that of a new aircraft, but important commonality is retained from previous 737 models. The wing was modified, increasing its area by 25% and span by 16 ft (4.9 m), which increased the total fuel capacity by 30%. New, quieter, more fuel-efficient CFM56-7B engines were used. All three improvements combined increase the 737's range by 900 NM, now permitting transcontinental service. A flight test program was operatedEngines on the 737 Classic series (300, 400, 500) and Next-Generation series (600, 700, 800, 900) appear not to have circular inlets, as most aircraft do. The accessory gearbox was moved from the 6 o'clock position under the engine to the 4 o'clock position (forward looking aft). This was done because the 737 sits lower to the ground than most airliners and the original 737s were designed for small P&W engines, but additional ground clearance was needed for the larger CFM56 engines. This side-mounted gearbox gives the engine a somewhat triangular rounded shape. Because the engine is close to the ground, 737-300s and later are more prone to engine foreign-object damage (FOD). by 10 aircraft; 3 -600s, 4 -700s, and 3 -800s.
Most 737 cockpits are equipped with "eyebrow windows" positioned above the main glareshield. Eyebrow windows were a feature of the original 707. They allowed for greater visibility in turns, and offered better sky views if navigating by stars. Blended winglets are available as retrofits and in production on newer 737 aircraft. These winglets stand approximately 8 feet (2.4 m) tall and are installed at the wing tips. They help with reduced fuel burn (by reducing vortex drag), reduced engine wear, and less noise on takeoff.
Specifications
| 737-100 | 737-200 | 737-200 Advanced | 737 Classic (-300/-400/-500) | 737 Next Generation (-600/-700/-800/-900) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cockpit Crew | Two | ||||
| Seating capacity | 85 (2-class, typical) 96 (1-class, typical) | 97 (2-class, typical) 124 (1-class, typical) | 102 (2-class, typical) 130 (1-class, typical) | 108 - 146 (2-class, typical) 122 - 159 (1-class typical) | 108 - 177 (2-class, typical) 130 - 189 (1-class, typical) |
| Length | 94 ft (28.65 m) | 100 ft 2 in (30.53 m) | 102–120 ft (31–37 m) | 102–138 ft (31–42 m) | |
| Wingspan | 93 ft (28.35 m) | 94 ft 9 in (28.88 m) | 112 ft 7 in (34.32 m) 117 ft 5 in (35.79 m) with winglets | ||
| Wing sweepback | 25 degrees | 25.02 degrees | |||
| Tail height | 36 ft 10 in (11.23 m) | 36 ft 4 in (11.07 m) | 41 ft 3 in (12.57 m) | ||
| Cabin Width | 11 ft 7 in (3.53 m) | ||||
| Fuselage Width | 12 ft 4 in (3.76 m) | ||||
| Cargo capacity | 650 cu ft (18.4 m3) | 875 cu ft (24.8 m3) | 822–1,373 cu ft (23.3–38.9 m3) | 756–1,835 cu ft (21.4–52.0 m3) | |
| Empty weight, typical | 62,000 lb (28,100 kg) | 69,700 lb (31,600 kg) | 69,800 lb (31,700 kg) | 69,000–74,170 lb (31,300–33,600 kg) | 80,200–98,500 lb (36,400–44,700 kg) |
| Maximum take-off weight(MTOW) | 110,000 lb (49,900 kg) | 115,500 lb (52,400 kg) | 128,100 lb (58,100 kg) | 139,500–150,000 lb (63,300–68,000 kg) | 144,500–187,700 lb (65,500–85,100 kg) |
| Cruising speed | Mach 0.74 (485 mph, 780 km/h) | Mach 0.78 (511 mph, 823 km/h) | |||
| Maximum speed | Mach 0.82 (544 mph, 876 km/h) | ||||
| Takeoff run at MTOW | 6,646 ft (2,026 m) | - | - | 7,550–8,500 ft (2,300–2,590 m) | 8,000–8,300 ft (2,400–2,500 m) |
| Maximum range, fully loaded | 1,540 nmi (2,850 km; 1,770 mi) | 1,900–2,300 nmi (3,500–4,300 km; 2,200–2,600 mi) | 2,270–2,400 nmi (4,200–4,440 km; 2,610–2,760 mi) | 3,050–5,510 nmi (5,650–10,200 km; 3,510–6,340 mi) | |
| Maximum fuel capacity | 4,720 US gal (17,900 l; 3,930 imp gal) | 4,780 US gal (18,100 l; 3,980 imp gal) | 5,160 US gal (19,500 l; 4,300 imp gal) | 5,311 US gal (20,100 l; 4,422 imp gal) | 6,875 US gal (26,020 l; 5,725 imp gal) |
| Service ceiling | 35,000 ft (10,700 m) | 37,000 ft (11,300 m) | 41,000 ft (12,500 m) | ||
| Engines (×2) | Pratt & Whitney JT8D | CFM International 56-3 series | CFM International CFM56-7 series | ||
| Thrust (×2) | 14,500 lbf (64 kN) | 14,500–17,400 lbf (64–77 kN) | 20,000–23,500 lbf (89–100 kN) | 19,500–27,300 lbf (87–121 kN) | |
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